探索宇宙起源、探寻地外生命……这五大科学主题有望突破

转自：CGTN

在今天发布的《国家空间科学中长期发展规划（2024—2050年）》中提出了我国有望取得突破的5大科学主题和17个优先发展方向。

China on Tuesday released the country's first space science scheme, elaborating on the basic principles, development goals and roadmap for its space science exploration through 2050.

这五大科学主题和17个优先发展方向包括：

The "National Medium- and Long-Term Development Plan for Space Science (2024-2050)," jointly released by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China National Space Administration and China Manned Space Agency, identified five major scientific themes with 17 priority areas for future breakthroughs:

主题1“极端宇宙”。主要是探索宇宙的起源与演化，揭示极端宇宙条件下的物理规律。该主题下的优先发展方向包括：暗物质与极端宇宙、宇宙起源与演化、宇宙重子物质探测。

"Extreme universe" – Exploring the origin and evolution of the universe and revealing the physical laws under extreme cosmic conditions. Key areas under this theme include dark matter and extreme universes, the origin and evolution of the universe, and the detection of baryonic matter in the universe.

主题2“时空涟漪”。主要是探测中低频引力波、原初引力波，揭示引力与时空本质。优先发展方向是空间引力波探测。

"Space-time ripples" – Detecting low-frequency gravitational waves and primordial gravitational waves, and uncovering the nature of gravity and space-time. The priority is the detection of gravitational waves in space.

主题3“日地全景”。主要是探索地球、太阳和日球层，揭示日地复杂系统、太阳与太阳系整体联系的物理过程与规律。优先发展方向包括：地球循环系统、地月综合观测、空间天气探测、太阳立体探测、外日球层探测。

"Panorama of the Earth and sun" – Studying the Earth, the sun and the heliosphere, and unveiling the complex sun-Earth system as well as the physical processes and laws of overall connection between the sun and the solar system. Priority directions include the Earth circulation system, comprehensive Earth-moon observation, space weather detection, solar stereoscopic exploration and outer heliosphere exploration.

主题4“宜居行星”。主要是探索太阳系天体和系外行星的宜居性，开展地外生命探寻。其优先发展方向包括：可持续发展、太阳系考古、行星圈层刻画、地外生命探寻、系外行星探测。

"Habitable planets" – Accessing the habitability of solar system bodies and exoplanets while searching for extraterrestrial life. Priority areas include sustainable development, solar system archaeology, characterization of planetary layers, extraterrestrial life searches and exoplanet exploration.

主题5“太空格物”。主要是揭示太空条件下的物质运动和生命活动规律，深化对量子力学与广义相对论等基础物理的认知。该主题下的优先发展方向包括：微重力科学、量子力学与广义相对论、空间生命科学。

"Biological and physical space science" – Revealing the laws of matter movement and life activities under space conditions, and deepening the understanding of fundamental physics such as quantum mechanics and general relativity. Key areas include microgravity science, quantum mechanics, general relativity, and space life sciences.